How is content organized in the curriculum framework - The previous chapter describes seven principles that support learning with understanding. This chapter explores the implications of those principles for the intentional and systemic design of four key elements of the educational system—curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development—to promote learning with understanding within the context of advanced study.

 
Build your plans. Step 1: Determine your scope and sequence by using the Scope and Sequence template. Download docx. Step 2: Choose a unit from the scope and sequence. Use this Unit Plan template Download docx to begin to build out your unit plan. Step 3: If applicable, build and name a folder or module in UB Learns. . Isbn 9780357700006

standards at the high school level were organized by discipline. The standards are rigorous. Students who master this content are on a par with those in the best educational systems in other states and nations. The content is attainable by all students, given sufficient time, except for those few who have severe disabilities. he initial draft of the framework was developed by the Physical Education Curriculum Framework and Criteria Committee (CFCC) between September 2006 and April 2007. he State Board of Education and the Curriculum Development and Supplemental Materials Commission commend the following members of the CFCC and extend great appreciation to them.based on the "Show Me Standards." The 73 "Show Me Standards" define what students should know and be able to do by the time they graduate from Missouri's public high schools. This guide begins with an explanation of the curriculum frameworks and the Show Me Standards, followed by an overview of health education and physical education in Missouri. Curriculum is the way content is organized and emphasized; it includes structure, organization, balance, and presentation of the content in the classroom. Although the structure for the content standards organizes the understanding and abilities to be acquired by all students K-12, that structure does not imply any particular organization for ... SCIENCE CURRICULUM FRAMEWORKCurriculum is the way content is organized and emphasized; it includes structure, organization, balance, and presentation of the content in the classroom. Although the structure for the content standards organizes the understanding and abilities to be acquired by all students K-12, that structure does not imply any particular organization for ...Answer: Teaching and learning frameworks are created as a study outcome model to assist teachers in defining the subject to be learnt in terms of clear, measurable learning standards, creating inspiring and inclusive environments, and incorporating assessment into learning. 4.) How is content organized in the curriculum framework?an assignment, a course, and program outcomes is a critical component of a curriculum framework. Suggested questions to determine graduate competency are provided for each program outcome. The list is not inclusive of all evaluation strategies; it is a guide to be used for dialogue andNov 8, 2022 · Introduction. The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s (CDE’s) efforts to strengthen preschool education and close the school-readiness gap in California, thereby narrowing the achievement gap during the K–12 school years. The foundations describe competencies—knowledge and ... The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s efforts to strengthen preschool education and school readiness and to close the achievement gap in California. As the word is used in this publication, foundations describe the knowledge, skills, and competencies that children typically attain ...1. The nature of a curriculum framework Before discussing the process of developing a curriculum framework, it is important to have a clear understanding of what a curriculum framework is. One important distinction to make is that a curriculum framework is not, per se, a curriculum, and the word ‘framework’ therefore needs to be considered Nov 8, 2022 · Introduction. The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s (CDE’s) efforts to strengthen preschool education and close the school-readiness gap in California, thereby narrowing the achievement gap during the K–12 school years. The foundations describe competencies—knowledge and ... successful curriculum development and revision (Johnson, 2001). So, this paper will discuss the importance of teachers’ involvement in curriculum development, the challenges that teachers face in curriculum development, preparation for teachers involvement in curriculum development, the teachers role in curriculum development, and then ...This question is considered in detail in Module 3 – Curriculum Design (Training Tools for Curriculum Development – A Resource Pack). How will the content (the knowledge, skills, values and attitudes) be organized under the new curriculum framework?24 One very common reason for adopting a framework approach to curriculum is to introduce more ...based on the "Show Me Standards." The 73 "Show Me Standards" define what students should know and be able to do by the time they graduate from Missouri's public high schools. This guide begins with an explanation of the curriculum frameworks and the Show Me Standards, followed by an overview of health education and physical education in Missouri. Dec 7, 2016 · Curriculum content simply means the totality of what is to be taught in a school system. The content component of teaching learning situation refers to the important facts, principles and concepts to be taught. These contents must be in line with the learning experiences and there must be clear cut objective to be achieved by the end of each ... Shulman (1986) introduced the phrase pedagogical content knowledge and sparked a whole new wave of scholarly articles on teachers' knowledge of their subject matter and the importance of this knowledge for successful teaching. In Shulman's theoretical framework, teachers need to master two types of knowledge: (a) content, also known as "deep ...The curriculum specialists of the Blind River School District have organized the curriculum so that key content is taught at various grade levels with concepts and applications geared to the interests and abilities of the students in the grades in question. This curriculum design is known as. Click the card to flip 👆. Definition. 1 / 35. spiral.Curriculum is a systematic and intended packaging of competencies (i.e. knowledge, skills and attitudes that are underpinned by values) that learners should acquire through organised learning experiences both in formal and non-formal settings (See: Different meanings of curricula ). Good curriculum plays an important role in forging life-long ...Standards for Mathematical Content . The Standards for Mathematical Content emphasize key content, skills, and practices at each grade level and support three major principles: • Focus—Instruction is focused on grade-level standards. • Coherence—Instruction should be attentive to learning across grades and to linking major The NCSS curriculum standards offer a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content standards. The previous chapter describes seven principles that support learning with understanding. This chapter explores the implications of those principles for the intentional and systemic design of four key elements of the educational system—curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development—to promote learning with understanding within the context of advanced study.The NCSS curriculum standards instead provide a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They are not a substitute for content standards, but instead provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content ...This application contains the 12 California content standards. The application is designed so educators can quickly find, search, and sort relevant standards across disciplines to aid in instructional planning and assessment. This is a web view of our available mobile application, which we encourage you to download.he initial draft of the framework was developed by the Physical Education Curriculum Framework and Criteria Committee (CFCC) between September 2006 and April 2007. he State Board of Education and the Curriculum Development and Supplemental Materials Commission commend the following members of the CFCC and extend great appreciation to them.The California State Board of Education adopted the ELA/ELD Framework on July 9, 2014. This is the final digital version of the ELA/ELD Framework. The executive summary provides a glimpse into the ELA/ELD Framework and the guidance it provides for educators, including descriptive snapshots and vignettes of grade-level instruction. This summary ...Organizing Your Course to Facilitate Student Learning. Well-organized courses encourage student motivation, performance, and persistence. Instructors can design their courses in many rich ways to cultivate student motivation and enhance opportunities for more effective learning. When a course is designed so that the learning goals align with ...The curriculum for each subject or discipline is made up of a set of learning expectations that outline the knowledge and skills students are expected to learn and apply by the end of a grade or course. For each subject, expectations are arranged into sections (or strands) to help with organization. However, educators look at the learning goals ...Nov 8, 2022 · The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s efforts to strengthen preschool education and school readiness and to close the achievement gap in California. As the word is used in this publication, foundations describe the knowledge, skills, and competencies that children typically attain ... The NCSS curriculum standards instead provide a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They are not a substitute for content standards, but instead provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content ... The following resources are intended to help instructors consider ways to 1) Enrich student learning in their classes today, 2) Organize their courses, and 3) Facilitate students’ knowledge and skill development. Please note that these resources and more can be found at the CTL’s Faculty Resource site. Content Standards Content standards were designed to encourage the highest achievement of every student, by defining the knowledge, concepts, and skills that students should acquire at each grade level. Career Technical Education (CTE) Model Curriculum Standards Web page for those interested in following the revision of CTE Model Curriculum ...This application contains the 12 California content standards. The application is designed so educators can quickly find, search, and sort relevant standards across disciplines to aid in instructional planning and assessment. This is a web view of our available mobile application, which we encourage you to download.The curriculum specialists of the Blind River School District have organized the curriculum so that key content is taught at various grade levels with concepts and applications geared to the interests and abilities of the students in the grades in question. This curriculum design is known as. Click the card to flip 👆. Definition. 1 / 35. spiral.The curriculum for each subject or discipline is made up of a set of learning expectations that outline the knowledge and skills students are expected to learn and apply by the end of a grade or course. For each subject, expectations are arranged into sections (or strands) to help with organization. However, educators look at the learning goals ...The curriculum consists of the plans for the learning experiences through which children acquire knowledge, skills, abilities, and understanding. Implementing a curriculum always yields outcomes of some kind—but which outcomes those are and how a program achieves them are critical. In developmentally appropriate practice, the curriculum helps ... Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ...Curriculum Standards. Because of student mobility, Texas has adopted curriculum standards that are to be used in all the state's public schools. The current standards, which outline what students are to learn in each course or grade, are called Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS). The standards are adopted by the State Board of ...1. The nature of a curriculum framework Before discussing the process of developing a curriculum framework, it is important to have a clear understanding of what a curriculum framework is. One important distinction to make is that a curriculum framework is not, per se, a curriculum, and the word ‘framework’ therefore needs to be consideredCurriculum alignment brings teams of teachers together to plan instructions. Vertical alignment is when teachers who teach the same content area meet across grade level bands. Horizontal alignment ...Build your plans. Step 1: Determine your scope and sequence by using the Scope and Sequence template. Download docx. Step 2: Choose a unit from the scope and sequence. Use this Unit Plan template Download docx to begin to build out your unit plan. Step 3: If applicable, build and name a folder or module in UB Learns.The Australian Curriculum includes: eight key learning areas—English, Mathematics, Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, Health and Physical Education, Languages, Technologies and the Arts. seven general capabilities—literacy, numeracy, digital literacy, critical and creative thinking, personal and social capability, intercultural ...what standards are, what curriculum consists of, what assessments are, and what alignment means in the context of curriculum and assessment. Standards indicate what students should know and be able to do within a particular content area, while curriculum shapes how students will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities as described in the ... While the NONPF Framework does provide an extensive list of entry-level requirements for NPs, the challenges faced by the institution as it aimed to incorporate the framework into the curriculum clearly provide evidence that these overarching frameworks need to include both a philosophical and organizational component to help guide educators ...The NCSS curriculum standards instead provide a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They are not a substitute for content standards, but instead provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content ...May 29, 2023 · 1. Define the purpose of the curriculum. Your curriculum should have clear topic and purpose. The topic should be appropriate for the age of the students and the environment in which the curriculum will be taught. [1] If you are asked to design a course, ask yourself questions about the general purpose of the course. Custom Solutions. Through our tenure and expertise in K12 and higher education, we have become a trusted ally for industry partners who are looking to leave a positive impact in their company and community. We excel at navigating through vast content landscapes and skillfully identifying the essential elements for effective learning.A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. [1] A curriculum framework is part of an outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. what standards are, what curriculum consists of, what assessments are, and what alignment means in the context of curriculum and assessment. Standards indicate what students should know and be able to do within a particular content area, while curriculum shapes how students will gain the knowledge, skills, and abilities as described in the ... Curriculum Framework. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do.learning of the curriculum through integration and application of that knowledge into current knowledge schemes. Cognitive development and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Using the learners’ mother tongue provides a strong foundation by developing cognitive skills and comprehension of the academic content from day one.The Australian Curriculum includes: eight key learning areas—English, Mathematics, Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, Health and Physical Education, Languages, Technologies and the Arts. seven general capabilities—literacy, numeracy, digital literacy, critical and creative thinking, personal and social capability, intercultural ...Curriculum content simply means the totality of what is to be taught in a school system. The content component of teaching learning situation refers to the important facts, principles and concepts to be taught. These contents must be in line with the learning experiences and there must be clear cut objective to be achieved by the end of each ...Curriculum content simply means the totality of what is to be taught in a school system. The content component of teaching learning situation refers to the important facts, principles and concepts to be taught. These contents must be in line with the learning experiences and there must be clear cut objective to be achieved by the end of each ...The content is organized in the way of the students can use those languages in the class. It is formally organized and focus on the subjects, development of the students learning and understanding. As we look on the framework, the subjects or learning areas in each stage is first in the Second Language Development which are: Filipino, English ...The content is organized in the way of the students can use those languages in the class. It is formally organized and focus on the subjects, development of the students learning and understanding. As we look on the framework, the subjects or learning areas in each stage is first in the Second Language Development which are: Filipino, English ...Defining the curriculum content. Curriculum development is both a political and technical process. Given the importance of curriculum for society (i.e. from the point of view of its identity; development prospects; etc.), curriculum is a matter of public interest. Curriculum entails nevertheless technical aspects that are the responsibility of ...The curriculum is a standards-based sequence of planned experiences where students practice and achieve proficiency in content and applied learning skills. Published in Chapter: Teaching Education in Values Through Games in Primary Education ; From: Global Perspectives on Value Education in Primary School.Part 1: Curriculum Framework 61 2 The Learning Environment The second component of theCreative Curriculumframework is the learning environment—the use and organization of the space in your classroom, the daily schedule and routines, and the social and emotional atmosphere. In The Creative Curriculum, the learning environment meetsAug 12, 2015 · The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ... Nov 8, 2022 · Introduction. The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s (CDE’s) efforts to strengthen preschool education and close the school-readiness gap in California, thereby narrowing the achievement gap during the K–12 school years. The foundations describe competencies—knowledge and ... The scope refers to the areas of development addressed by the curriculum. The sequence includes plans and materials for learning experiences to support and extend children’s learning at various levels of development. Education staff can use this resource to select and implement curriculum that includes an organized scope and sequence.Curriculum implementation. The process of putting the formal curriculum into practice. In the case of a new or revised curriculum this process ideally includes school development and improvement processes; fostered school leadership and ethos; in-service teacher training and the development of new textbooks, teaching and learning materials and ... Because the process of integrating standards into the curriculum dictates changes in the way the school operates and teachers teach, the curriculum committee can determine specific components of curriculum frameworks to include in the local framework. These components may include an overview, content standards or expectations, performance ...The content is organized in the way of the students can use those languages in the class. It is formally organized and focus on the subjects, development of the students learning and understanding. As we look on the framework, the subjects or learning areas in each stage is first in the Second Language Development which are: Filipino, English ...The NCSS curriculum standards offer a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content standards. A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of standards or learning outcomes that defines the content to be learned in terms of clear, definable standards of what the student should know and be able to do. A Curriculum Framework is part of a outcome-based education or standards based education reform design. How is the K-12 Social Studies Curriculum Framework organized? The framework is organized in three parts. Part 1: Ten Themes. Under each theme there is: A brief definition giving the essential ideas of the theme. Content examples illustrating how information from different Social Studies disciplines may be included under the theme.5. Utility usefulness of the content either for the present or the future. 6. Learnability should be within the range of the experiences of the learners. 7. Feasibility can be learned within the time allowed, resources available, expertise of the teacher and the nature of the learners.The content and learning outcomes of the curriculum align with the Head Start Early Learning Outcomes Framework (ELOF) and state early care and education standards. It provides guidance on what (content) and how (learning experiences and teaching practices) to teach. Content is drawn from current child development science, the interests and ...The Fiji Islands National Curriculum Framework (NCF) sets out the philosophy and structure for curriculum from early childhood to Form 7. It provides information to assist all those with a responsibility for the provision and quality of the curriculum and education in the Fiji Islands. The framework will be of use to and will inform:Content standards. Specifications of what all learners are expected to know and be able to do within a particular field of study, discipline or subject at different grade levels, ages, or other criteria. These standards should be clear, detailed, and complete; reasonable in scope; rigorous and scientifically correct; and they should be built ... Organizing instructional content provides a framework for navigating information. It also helps people to create an internal mental framework—a more organized network of knowledge that can provide meaning and help with quick retrieval. Information architecture is an important part of web design.The Kenyan Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) resolved to adopt a competency-based approach (CBA) in their curriculum reforms based on the findings of a needs assessment study carried out in 2016, international best practices in education systems and curriculum reforms, and a desire to make learning more meaningful.ÐÏ à¡± á> þÿ ® ° þÿÿÿ¬ ...standards at the high school level were organized by discipline. The standards are rigorous. Students who master this content are on a par with those in the best educational systems in other states and nations. The content is attainable by all students, given sufficient time, except for those few who have severe disabilities. 1. The nature of a curriculum framework Before discussing the process of developing a curriculum framework, it is important to have a clear understanding of what a curriculum framework is. One important distinction to make is that a curriculum framework is not, per se, a curriculum, and the word ‘framework’ therefore needs to be consideredDec 15, 2022 · The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions of This application contains the 12 California content standards. The application is designed so educators can quickly find, search, and sort relevant standards across disciplines to aid in instructional planning and assessment. This is a web view of our available mobile application, which we encourage you to download.Standards for Mathematical Content . The Standards for Mathematical Content emphasize key content, skills, and practices at each grade level and support three major principles: • Focus—Instruction is focused on grade-level standards. • Coherence—Instruction should be attentive to learning across grades and to linking majorBuild your plans. Step 1: Determine your scope and sequence by using the Scope and Sequence template. Download docx. Step 2: Choose a unit from the scope and sequence. Use this Unit Plan template Download docx to begin to build out your unit plan. Step 3: If applicable, build and name a folder or module in UB Learns.1. Define the purpose of the curriculum. Your curriculum should have clear topic and purpose. The topic should be appropriate for the age of the students and the environment in which the curriculum will be taught. [1] If you are asked to design a course, ask yourself questions about the general purpose of the course.What is MTB MLE curriculum framework in the Philippines? Mother Tongue Based-Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) policy in The Philippines involves implementation of local mother tongues as the language of instruction in Kindergarten to year three (K -3), with the official languages (Filipino and English) being introduced as the language of ...The preschool learning foundations are a critical step in the California Department of Education’s efforts to strengthen preschool education and school readiness and to close the achievement gap in California. As the word is used in this publication, foundations describe the knowledge, skills, and competencies that children typically attain ...Dec 15, 2022 · The learning standards in the Massachusetts curriculum frameworks set expectations for what all students should know and be able to do by the end of each school year. . Educators, students, families, and others can use the Standards Navigator to explore the Massachusetts learning standards and find related resources such as student work exemplars, quick reference guides, and definitions of The term curriculum refers to the lessons and academic content taught in a school or in a specific course or program. In dictionaries, curriculum is often defined as the courses offered by a school, but it is rarely used in such a general sense in schools. Depending on how broadly educators define or employ the term, curriculum typically refers ...The content and learning outcomes of the curriculum align with the Head Start Early Learning Outcomes Framework (ELOF) and state early care and education standards. It provides guidance on what (content) and how (learning experiences and teaching practices) to teach. Content is drawn from current child development science, the interests and ...

It is a process of learning derived from an organized and systematic education activity working either separately or as a special feature of a formal education institution. 2. Its curriculum is flexible, diversified in content and method because it should conform to the needs of the identified group of learners. Informal Education 1. . Victora

how is content organized in the curriculum framework

A digital curriculum is an online tool that helps you plan, teach, and assess your students all from one convenient system. With it, you can create classes, map out your marking periods, engage students with activities, and show pre-made lessons that align to state standards.Build your plans. Step 1: Determine your scope and sequence by using the Scope and Sequence template. Download docx. Step 2: Choose a unit from the scope and sequence. Use this Unit Plan template Download docx to begin to build out your unit plan. Step 3: If applicable, build and name a folder or module in UB Learns.A curriculum may incorporate the planned interaction of pupils with instructional content, materials, resources, and processes for evaluating the attainment of educational objectives. Curricula are split into several categories: the explicit, the implicit (including the hidden), the excluded, and the extracurricular.standards at the high school level were organized by discipline. The standards are rigorous. Students who master this content are on a par with those in the best educational systems in other states and nations. The content is attainable by all students, given sufficient time, except for those few who have severe disabilities.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.learning of the curriculum through integration and application of that knowledge into current knowledge schemes. Cognitive development and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Using the learners’ mother tongue provides a strong foundation by developing cognitive skills and comprehension of the academic content from day one. an assignment, a course, and program outcomes is a critical component of a curriculum framework. Suggested questions to determine graduate competency are provided for each program outcome. The list is not inclusive of all evaluation strategies; it is a guide to be used for dialogue and standards at the high school level were organized by discipline. The standards are rigorous. Students who master this content are on a par with those in the best educational systems in other states and nations. The content is attainable by all students, given sufficient time, except for those few who have severe disabilities.SCIENCE CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK1. Define the purpose of the curriculum. Your curriculum should have clear topic and purpose. The topic should be appropriate for the age of the students and the environment in which the curriculum will be taught. [1] If you are asked to design a course, ask yourself questions about the general purpose of the course.Curriculum refers to an interactive system of instruction and learning with specific goals, contents, strategies, measurement, and resources. The desired outcome of curriculum is successful transfer and/or development of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Everything that is written, taught and tested in an educational program of study. Curriculum structure The way in which the curriculum is organized, including the subjects or learning areas, when they must be studied and the ‘pattern’ in which they must be studied. The curriculum may be composed, for example, of core and elective subjects studied with some variation between grades.Curriculum Framework . The curriculum framework provides an overview of the entire structure of the curriculum development process. This framework provides the vision to improve the learning outcomes of all students and to enable schools to develop learning and teaching programs that meet the needs of students and changes in society. The curriculum Jan 19, 2022 · Since 2005 A.D, a lot of improvement can be seen in the curriculum framework of Nepal but still teaching methodology shows a micro improvement. The contents set or organized for producing human resources is not at least bad but there’s a lack of interpretational ability which is one bad side or say failure of educational administration. learning of the curriculum through integration and application of that knowledge into current knowledge schemes. Cognitive development and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Using the learners’ mother tongue provides a strong foundation by developing cognitive skills and comprehension of the academic content from day one.The NCSS curriculum standards instead provide a set of principles by which content can be selected and organized to build a viable, valid, and defensible social studies curriculum for grades from pre-K through 12. They are not a substitute for content standards, but instead provide the necessary framework for the implementation of content ...Jan 19, 2022 · Since 2005 A.D, a lot of improvement can be seen in the curriculum framework of Nepal but still teaching methodology shows a micro improvement. The contents set or organized for producing human resources is not at least bad but there’s a lack of interpretational ability which is one bad side or say failure of educational administration. A digital curriculum is an online tool that helps you plan, teach, and assess your students all from one convenient system. With it, you can create classes, map out your marking periods, engage students with activities, and show pre-made lessons that align to state standards.May 8, 2012 · The California State Board of Education adopted the ELA/ELD Framework on July 9, 2014. This is the final digital version of the ELA/ELD Framework. The executive summary provides a glimpse into the ELA/ELD Framework and the guidance it provides for educators, including descriptive snapshots and vignettes of grade-level instruction. This summary ... Textbook. A written source of information, designed specifically for the use of students, on a particular subject or field of study that is usually developed based on a syllabus and geared towards meeting specific quality and learning requirements. School textbooks pertain to an instructional sequence based on an organized curriculum. Ideally ... .

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